On 17 November 2025, the Financial Stability Board (FSB) published a practices paper on the operationalisation of transfer tools.

The FSB has developed this practices paper as part of the lessons from the 2023 banking turmoil and it is intended to support resolution authorities’ preparedness to use transfer tools.

In particular it contains case studies of real resolution cases which underscore the importance of robust planning, flexibility, and coordination in operationalising transfer tools. By addressing the operational challenges, authorities can enhance their readiness to use transfer tools effectively to ensure the continuity of critical functions, absorb losses in line with the creditor hierarchy, and minimise systemic risks. The practices paper also covers cross-border issues including the execution of transfer tools and other resolution powers across borders and their legal recognition, timeliness of cross-border regulatory approvals and further clarification of differences in sales process expectations, documentation requirements and legal frameworks across jurisdictions.

The FSB notes that the cross-border dimensions of the issues discussed in the practices paper will require further attention from resolution authorities and discussion within crisis management groups.