On 16 October 2025, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) issued its second consolidated report on sanctions.

In 2024, more than 970 administrative sanctions and measures were imposed across Member States in financial sectors under ESMA’s remit. The number of administrative sanctions and measures remained stable compared to 2023. Overall, the data shows discrepancies in the use of sanctioning powers across Member States, for example, in terms of amounts of fines, number and types of sanctions and measures and use of settlements.