On 16 December 2020, the European Commission published a new EU cybersecurity strategy.

Key components of the strategy include:

• A proposed Directive on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the EU (revised NIS Directive or ‘NIS 2′), in order to increase the level of cyber resilience of critical public and private sectors.
• The launch of a network of security operations centres across the EU, powered by artificial intelligence (AI), which will constitute a real ‘cybersecurity shield’ for the EU, able to detect signs of a cyberattack early enough and to enable proactive action, before damage occurs.
• The creation of a new joint cyber unit, to strengthen cooperation between EU bodies and Member State authorities responsible for preventing, deterring and responding to cyber-attacks, including civilian, law enforcement, diplomatic and cyber defence communities.
• A proposed Critical Entities Resilience Directive which expands both the scope and depth of the 2008 European Critical Infrastructure Directive.